National Documentation Packages (NDPs) are lists of public documents that provide information on country conditions. Updates occur on a regular basis.
NDPs support the refugee determination process. They do not imply recognition of a particular territory's sovereignty or political status.
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Jurisprudential Guides Notes
Jurisprudential Guides Notes
On
July 28, 2022, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide:
-
Decision TC1 05038 – The proper interpretation of the ‘generalized risk’ exception to protection found at subparagraph 97(1)(b)(ii) of the Act, in claims for protection involving allegations of gang-targeting or other acts of criminality.
On
December 22, 2020, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision MB8-00025 – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses, in applying Article 1E of the Refugee Convention, whether members should consider allegations of risk in a country of residence if they conclude that a refugee claimant has the rights and obligations which are attached to the possession of nationality in that country.
On
July 6, 2018, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision TB7-19851 – Nigeria – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses internal flight alternatives in major cities in south and central Nigeria for claimants fleeing non-state actors.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 10, 2018.
On
July 20, 2017, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being
Jurisprudential Guides.
-
Decision TB7-01837 – Pakistan – Whether the treatment experienced by Ahmadis in Pakistan amounts to persecution, whether state protection is available and whether there is a viable internal flight alternative.
-
Decision MB6-01059/60 – India – Availability of an internal flight alternative in India for claimants from Punjab.
Revoked
-
Decision TB6-11632 – China – Analysis of the efficacy of the Chinese national computer network known as the Golden Shield Project and its impact on whether a person wanted by the authorities can exit China via an airport using a genuine passport.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 20, 2017.
Back
30 April 2021
MYANMAR (BURMA)
List of Documents
1.
General Information and Maps
Source:
United Nations. Cartographic Section.
Date of Document:
June 2012
Accessed Date:
23 September 2013
Title:
Birmanie. L'Encyclopédie en ligne.
Accessed Date:
25 October 2016
Title:
Burma. The World Factbook.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Date of Document:
22 March 2021
Accessed Date:
23 March 2021
Title:
Birmanie (Myanmar). L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde.
Source:
L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde
Date of Document:
25 September 2019
Accessed Date:
24 October 2019
Title:
DFAT Country Information Report: Myanmar
Source:
Australia. Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade.
Date of Document:
18 April 2019
Accessed Date:
7 October 2019
Title:
Country Policy and Information Note. Burma: Critics of the Government. Version 3.0.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
January 2019
Accessed Date:
7 October 2019
Title:
Burma (Myanmar). Social Security Programs Throughout the World: Asia and the Pacific, 2018.
Source:
United States. Social Security Administration.
Date of Document:
March 2019
Accessed Date:
1 October 2020
Title:
Myanmar. 2020 Humanitarian Needs Overview.
Source:
United Nations. Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs.
Date of Document:
December 2019
Accessed Date:
1 October 2020
Title:
BTI 2020 Country Report — Myanmar
Source:
Bertelsmann Stiftung
Accessed Date:
1 October 2020
Title:
Detailed findings of the Independent International Fact-Finding Mission on Myanmar
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
16 September 2019
Accessed Date:
23 March 2021
Title:
Yangon Informal Settlements – Resettlement Programme (YIS-RP): Survey II Report
Source:
United Nations Human Settlements Programme; Myanmar Survey Research
Date of Document:
31 December 2020
Accessed Date:
23 March 2021
Title:
Burma. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2020.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
30 March 2021
Accessed Date:
30 April 2021
Title:
Myanmar. Human Rights in Asia-Pacific: Review of 2019.
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
29 January 2020
Accessed Date:
1 October 2020
Title:
Myanmar. World Report 2021: Events of 2020.
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
January 2021
Accessed Date:
23 March 2021
Title:
Myanmar. Freedom in the World 2021.
Accessed Date:
23 March 2021
Title:
Myanmar. The State of Conflict and Violence in Asia.
Source:
The Asia Foundation
Date of Document:
11 October 2017
Accessed Date:
24 October 2017
Title:
Myanmar Query Response: Chin State
Source:
Asylum Research Consultancy
Date of Document:
31 July 2017
Accessed Date:
21 September 2017
Title:
Report of the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Myanmar
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
2 May 2019
Accessed Date:
8 October 2019
Title:
Report of the independent international fact-finding mission on Myanmar
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council
Date of Document:
12 September 2018
Accessed Date:
8 October 2019
Title:
Myanmar: Rakhine State Faces a Third Crisis
Source:
International Crisis Group
Date of Document:
26 May 2020
Accessed Date:
1 October 2020
Title:
Situation of human rights in Myanmar
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
30 August 2019
Accessed Date:
1 October 2020
Title:
Report of the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Myanmar
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
29 April 2020
Accessed Date:
1 October 2020
Title:
Concluding observations on the initial report of Myanmar
Source:
United Nations. Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.
Date of Document:
22 October 2019
Accessed Date:
1 October 2020
Title:
Report of the independent international fact-finding mission on Myanmar
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council
Date of Document:
8 August 2019
Accessed Date:
23 March 2021
Title:
Report of the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Myanmar, Thomas H. Andrews
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
4 March 2021
Accessed Date:
23 March 2021
Title:
Situation of human rights in Myanmar
Source:
United Nations. General Assembly.
Date of Document:
1 September 2020
Accessed Date:
23 March 2021
Title:
Letter dated 15 October 2020 from the Permanent Representative of Myanmar to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General
Source:
United Nations. General Assembly.
Date of Document:
17 October 2020
Accessed Date:
23 March 2021
Title:
National report submitted in accordance with paragraph 5 of the annex to Human Rights Council resolution 16/21: Myanmar
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/37/MMR/1
Date of Document:
2 November 2020
Accessed Date:
23 March 2021
Title:
Summary of Stakeholders' submissions on Myanmar
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/37/MMR/3
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
12 November 2020
Accessed Date:
23 March 2021
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/37/MMR/2
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
12 November 2020
Accessed Date:
23 March 2021
3.
Identification Documents and Citizenship
Title:
Burma Citizenship Law
Accessed Date:
19 October 2012
Title:
Re-imagining Myanmar citizenship in times of transition. Statelessness Working Paper Series No. 2017/01.
Source:
Institute on Statelessness and Inclusion
Date of Document:
January 2017
Author:
José-María Arraiza
Accessed Date:
22 September 2017
Title:
A Gender Analysis of the Right to a Nationality in Myanmar
Source:
Norwegian Refugee Council et al.
Date of Document:
March 2018
Accessed Date:
5 October 2018
Title:
Burma. U.S. Visa: Reciprocity and Civil Documents by Country.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Accessed Date:
23 March 2021
Title:
Myanmar. Citoyenneté birmane et Rohingyas.
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
20 February 2018
Accessed Date:
8 October 2019
Title:
Citizenship and Human Rights in Myanmar: Why Law Reform is Urgent and Possible: A Legal Briefing
Source:
International Commission of Jurists
Date of Document:
June 2019
Accessed Date:
1 October 2020
4.
Political Activities and Organizations
Title:
Union of Myanmar. Election for Amyotha Hluttaw (Myanmarese House of Nationalities) of 8 November 2020.
Source:
International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Election Guide.
Accessed Date:
23 March 2021
Title:
Myanmar's Stalled Transition. Asia Report No 151.
Source:
International Crisis Group
Date of Document:
28 August 2018
Accessed Date:
8 October 2019
Title:
Buddhism and State Power in Myanmar. Asia Report N°290.
Source:
International Crisis Group
Date of Document:
5 September 2017
Accessed Date:
5 October 2018
Title:
Rebooting Myanmar's Stalled Peace Process. Asia Report N°308.
Source:
International Crisis Group
Date of Document:
19 June 2020
Accessed Date:
1 October 2020
Title:
Peace and Electoral Democracy in Myanmar. Asia Briefing N°157.
Source:
International Crisis Group
Date of Document:
6 August 2019
Accessed Date:
1 October 2020
Title:
Union of Myanmar. Election for Pyithu Hluttaw (Myanmarese House of Representatives) of 8 November 2020.
Source:
International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Election Guide.
Accessed Date:
24 March 2021
Title:
An Avoidable War: Politics and Armed Conflict in Myanmar's Rakhine State. Asia Report N°307.
Source:
International Crisis Group
Date of Document:
9 June 2020
Accessed Date:
1 October 2020
Title:
From Elections to Ceasefire in Myanmar's Rakhine State. Asia Briefing N°164.
Source:
International Crisis Group
Date of Document:
23 December 2020
Accessed Date:
23 March 2021
Title:
2020 General Election: State and Region Hluttaws
Date of Document:
18 November 2020
Author:
Htin Aung Ling; Richard Batcheler
Accessed Date:
23 March 2021
Title:
Burma Coup Watch: Urgent Action Required To Prevent Destabilizing Violence
Date of Document:
1 March 2021
Accessed Date:
23 March 2021
Title:
Myanmar: Vast arsenal and notorious troops deployed during nationwide ‘killing spree' protest crackdown – new research
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
11 March 2021
Accessed Date:
23 March 2021
Title:
Responding to the Myanmar Coup. Asia Briefing N°164.
Source:
International Crisis Group
Date of Document:
16 February 2021
Accessed Date:
23 March 2021
5.
Gender, Domestic Violence and Children
Title:
Submission to CEDAW regarding Myanmar's Exceptional Report on the Situation on Women and Girls from Northern Rakhine State
Source:
Human Rights Watch; Fortify Rights
Date of Document:
May 2018
Accessed Date:
8 October 2019
Title:
Concluding observations on the report of Myanmar submitted under the exceptional reporting procedure
Code:
CEDAW/C/MMR/CO/EP/1
Source:
United Nations. Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women.
Date of Document:
18 March 2019
Accessed Date:
1 October 2020
Title:
Women's Access to Justice in the Plural Legal System of Myanmar
Source:
United Nations. UN Women. Justice Base
Accessed Date:
25 October 2016
Title:
Myanmar. Social Institutions and Gender Index 2019.
Source:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Date of Document:
7 December 2018
Accessed Date:
26 October 2020
Title:
“All of My Body Was Pain”: Sexual Violence against Rohingya Women and Girls in Burma
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
16 November 2017
Editor:
Nisha Varia et al.
Accessed Date:
5 October 2018
Title:
“Give Us a Baby and We'll Let You Go”: Trafficking of Kachin “Brides” from Myanmar to China
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
21 March 2019
Accessed Date:
8 October 2019
Title:
CARE Rapid Gender Analysis Myanmar – Rakhine State
Date of Document:
4 August 2020
Author:
Peninah Kimiri et al.
Accessed Date:
1 October 2020
Title:
Sexual and gender-based violence in Myanmar and the gendered impact of its ethnic conflicts
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
22 August 2019
Accessed Date:
23 March 2021
Title:
Children and armed conflict in Myanmar
Source:
United Nations. Security Council.
Date of Document:
17 December 2020
Accessed Date:
23 March 2021
Title:
Myanmar. State-Sponsored Homophobia 2019.
Source:
International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association
Date of Document:
March 2019
Author:
Lucas Ramón Mendos
Accessed Date:
8 October 2019
7.
Criminality and Corruption
Title:
Burma (Myanmar). 2020 Crime and Safety Report.
Source:
United States. Overseas Security Advisory Council.
Date of Document:
5 May 2020
Accessed Date:
1 October 2020
Title:
Burma: Tier 3. Trafficking in Persons Report 2020.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
25 June 2020
Accessed Date:
1 October 2020
8.
Military Service - (No items in this section)
9.
Judiciary, Legal and Penal Systems
Title:
Ethnic Armed Actors and Justice Provision in Myanmar. Policy Dialogue Brief series No.17.
Source:
The Asia Foundation
Date of Document:
October 2016
Author:
Brian McCartan; Kim Jolliffe
Accessed Date:
22 September 2017
Title:
'Prison Conditions in Burma and the Potential for Prison Reform '
Source:
Assistance Association for Political Prisoners (Burma)
Date of Document:
September 2016
Author:
Ko Aung Khaing Min et al.
Editor:
Ko Aung Khaing Min et al.
Accessed Date:
22 September 2017
Title:
Update: The Legal System of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar
Date of Document:
October 2017
Author:
Kyaw Hla Win et al.
Accessed Date:
8 October 2019
Title:
Myanmar: “No one can protect us”: War Crimes and Abuses in Myanmar's Rakhine State
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
29 May 2019
Accessed Date:
8 October 2019
Title:
Myanmar: Post-Coup Legal Changes Erode Human Rights
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
2 March 2021
Accessed Date:
23 March 2021
10.
Police and Security Forces
Title:
“All the Civilians Suffer”: Conflict, Displacement, and Abuse in Northern Myanmar
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
14 June 2017
Accessed Date:
22 September 2017
Title:
Myanmar: Villages burned, civilians injured and killed as Rakhine State conflict escalates
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
12 October 2020
Accessed Date:
23 March 2021
Title:
Myanmar: UN Human Rights Council must urge newly-elected government to prioritise legal reform to guarantee the right to freedom of expression
Date of Document:
23 December 2020
Accessed Date:
23 March 2021
Title:
Myanmar. Freedom on the Net 2020.
Editor:
Elisha Aaron et al.
Accessed Date:
23 March 2021
Title:
Scorecard Assessing Freedom of Expression in Myanmar
Source:
PEN Myanmar et al.
Date of Document:
2 May 2018
Accessed Date:
8 October 2019
Title:
Briefing Paper: Freedom of Expression Concerns Related to Myanmar's COVID-19 Response
Date of Document:
August 2020
Accessed Date:
23 March 2021
Title:
“Press freedom set back ten years in ten days” after coup in Myanmar
Source:
Reporters Without Borders
Date of Document:
10 February 2021
Accessed Date:
23 March 2021
Title:
Burma. International Religious Freedom Report for 2019.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
10 June 2020
Accessed Date:
1 October 2020
Title:
Burma. United States Commission on International Religious Freedom 2020 Annual Report.
Source:
United States. Commission on International Religious Freedom.
Date of Document:
April 2020
Accessed Date:
23 March 2021
Title:
Myanmar: “Caged Without A Roof”: Apartheid in Myanmar's Rakhine State
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
21 November 2017
Accessed Date:
5 October 2018
Title:
Mission report of OHCHR rapid response mission to Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
24 September 2017
Accessed Date:
23 October 2017
Title:
Myanmar: “We Will Destroy Everything”: Military Responsibility for Crimes Against Humanity in Rakhine State
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
27 June 2018
Accessed Date:
25 October 2018
13.
Nationality, Ethnicity and Race
Title:
Myanmar/Burma. World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples.
Source:
Minority Rights Group International
Date of Document:
November 2020
Accessed Date:
23 March 2021
Title:
Myanmar. The Indigenous World 2020.
Source:
International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs
Date of Document:
April 2020
Author:
Chin Human Rights Organization (CHRO)
Accessed Date:
1 October 2020
Title:
Myanmar : Le confinement des musulmans rohingyas et kaman dans le district de Sittwe, capitale de l'Etat de Rakhine
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
2 March 2018
Accessed Date:
8 October 2019
Title:
Country Policy and Information Note. Burma: Rohingya (including Rohingya in Bangladesh). Version 2.0.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
March 2019
Accessed Date:
8 October 2019
Title:
Identity Crisis: Ethnicity and Conflict in Myanmar. Asia Report N°312.
Source:
International Crisis Group
Date of Document:
28 August 2020
Accessed Date:
23 March 2021
Title:
Situation of human rights of Rohingya Muslims and other minorities in Myanmar.
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
3 September 2020
Accessed Date:
23 March 2021
Title:
Situation of human rights of Rohingya Muslims and other minorities in Myanmar
Source:
United Nations. General Assembly.
Date of Document:
14 August 2020
Accessed Date:
23 March 2021
Title:
“An Open Prison without End”: Myanmar's Mass Detention of Rohingya in Rakhine State
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
October 2020
Editor:
Brad Adams et al.
Accessed Date:
23 March 2021
14.
Exit/Entry and Freedom of Movement
Title:
Myanmar. Where Refugees Call Home.
Source:
The Border Consortium
Accessed Date:
1 October 2020
Title:
Myanmar: Displacement associated with Conflict and Violence. Figure Analysis – GRID 2020.
Source:
Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre
Accessed Date:
26 October 2020
Title:
The Long Haul Ahead for Myanmar's Rohingya Refugee Crisis. Asia Report N°296.
Source:
International Crisis Group
Date of Document:
8 October 2019
Accessed Date:
16 May 2019
15.
Labour, Employment and Unions - (No items in this section)
16.
Other - (No items in this section)
The following changes have been made to the previous package dated 31 March 2021:
Title:
Burma. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2019.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
11 March 2020
URL:
https://www.state.gov/reports/2019-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/burma
Accessed Date:
17 March 2020
Disclaimer
National Documentation Packages (NDPs) include country-of-origin information that is publicly accessible at the time of publication and available within time constraints. While the Research Directorate strives to maintain the
NDP with current information, the research is not exhaustive and country conditions can change rapidly. Members of the public are invited to
suggest documents they feel are relevant to the
NDP.
NDPs are not, and do not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim for refugee protection. Rather, they are intended to support the refugee determination process. The assessment and weight to be given to the information in the
NDPs are the responsibility of independent
IRB members (decision-makers) after considering the evidence and arguments presented by the parties.
All sources are fully cited, including a hyperlink, to facilitate the location of the information. The
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NDP. It cannot guarantee or be responsible for:
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The information presented in
NDPs solely reflects the views and perspectives of the sources cited and does not necessarily reflect the position of the
IRB or the Government of Canada.