National Documentation Packages (NDPs) are lists of public documents that provide information on country conditions. Updates occur on a regular basis.
NDPs support the refugee determination process. They do not imply recognition of a particular territory's sovereignty or political status.
NDPs include Responses to Information Requests (RIRs) published by the IRB on its website which may have attachments that are inaccessible due to technical constraints and may include translations of documents originally written in languages other than English or French. To obtain a copy of such attachments and/or translated version of the
RIR attachments, please
email us.
Jurisprudential Guides Notes
Jurisprudential Guides Notes
On
July 28, 2022, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide:
-
Decision TC1 05038 – The proper interpretation of the ‘generalized risk’ exception to protection found at subparagraph 97(1)(b)(ii) of the Act, in claims for protection involving allegations of gang-targeting or other acts of criminality.
On
December 22, 2020, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision MB8-00025 – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses, in applying Article 1E of the Refugee Convention, whether members should consider allegations of risk in a country of residence if they conclude that a refugee claimant has the rights and obligations which are attached to the possession of nationality in that country.
On
July 6, 2018, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision TB7-19851 – Nigeria – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses internal flight alternatives in major cities in south and central Nigeria for claimants fleeing non-state actors.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 10, 2018.
On
July 20, 2017, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being
Jurisprudential Guides.
-
Decision TB7-01837 – Pakistan – Whether the treatment experienced by Ahmadis in Pakistan amounts to persecution, whether state protection is available and whether there is a viable internal flight alternative.
-
Decision MB6-01059/60 – India – Availability of an internal flight alternative in India for claimants from Punjab.
Revoked
-
Decision TB6-11632 – China – Analysis of the efficacy of the Chinese national computer network known as the Golden Shield Project and its impact on whether a person wanted by the authorities can exit China via an airport using a genuine passport.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 20, 2017.
Back
31 March 2017
MYANMAR (BURMA)
List of Documents
1.
General Information and Maps
Source:
United Nations. Cartographic Section.
Date of Document:
June 2012
Accessed Date:
23 September 2013
Title:
Birmanie. L'Encyclopédie en ligne.
Accessed Date:
25 October 2016
Title:
Burma. The World Factbook.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Date of Document:
19 October 2016
Accessed Date:
25 October 2016
Title:
Birmanie (Myanmar). L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde.
Source:
L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde
Date of Document:
19 April 2016
Accessed Date:
16 August 2016
Title:
Refugee and IDP Camp Populations
Source:
The Border Consortium
Date of Document:
March 2016
Accessed Date:
16 August 2016
Title:
Country Information and Guidance. Burma: Opposition to the Government. Version 1.0.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
November 2015
Accessed Date:
25 October 2016
Title:
Country Information and Guidance. Burma: Prison conditions. Version 1.0.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
November 2015
Accessed Date:
25 October 2016
Title:
Burma. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2016.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
3 March 2017
Accessed Date:
7 March 2017
Title:
Myanmar. Amnesty International Report 2015/16: The State of the World's Human Rights.
Source:
Amnesty International
Accessed Date:
16 August 2016
Title:
Burma. World Report 2016: Events of 2015.
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
January 2016
Accessed Date:
16 August 2016
Title:
Myanmar. Freedom in the World 2016.
Accessed Date:
16 August 2016
Title:
Report of the Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review: Myanmar
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
23 December 2015
Accessed Date:
16 August 2016
Title:
Situation of Human Rights in Myanmar: Note by the Secretary-General
Source:
United Nations. General Assembly.
Date of Document:
6 October 2015
Accessed Date:
17 August 2016
Title:
Report of the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Myanmar
Source:
United Nations. General Assembly.
Date of Document:
18 March 2016
Accessed Date:
17 August 2016
Title:
“They can arrest you at any time.” The Criminalization of Peaceful Expression in Burma.
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
29 June 2016
Accessed Date:
17 August 2016
3.
Identification Documents and Citizenship
Title:
Burma Citizenship Law
Accessed Date:
19 October 2012
Keywords:
citizenship; identity documents
Title:
Burma: Amend Biased Citizenship Law.
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
13 January 2015
Accessed Date:
9 October 2015
Keywords:
children; citizenship; corruption; crime; ethnic and national groups; freedom of the press; government corruption; humanitarian situation; institutional efficacy; internal displacement; judicial corruption; judicial efficacy; labour; legal system; legislation; minorities; nationality; organized crime; political activities; political opposition; political organizations; race; statistics
4.
Political Activities and Organizations
Title:
Myanmar's New Government: Finding Its Feet? Asia Report No 282.
Source:
International Crisis Group
Date of Document:
29 July 2016
Accessed Date:
25 October 2016
Title:
Myanmar: New Expression Meets old Repression: Ending the Cycle of Political Arrests and Imprisonment in Myanmar
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
24 March 2016
Accessed Date:
17 August 2016
Title:
The Myanmar Elections: Results and Implications. Asia Briefing No 147.
Source:
International Crisis Group
Date of Document:
9 December 2015
Accessed Date:
17 August 2016
Title:
I. Political Transformation. Bertelsmann Stiftung, BTI 2016 — Myanmar Country Report.
Source:
Gütersloh: Bertelsmann Stiftung
Accessed Date:
17 August 2016
Title:
“After release I had to restart my life from the beginning.” The Experiences of Ex-political Prisoners in Burma and Challenges to Reintegration
Source:
Assistance Association for Political Prisoners; Former Political Prisoners Society
Date of Document:
22 May 2016
Author:
Assistance Association for Political Prisoners; Former Political Prisoners Society
Accessed Date:
17 August 2016
Title:
Union of Myanmar. Election for Pyithu Hluttaw (House of Representatives) of 8 November 2015.
Source:
International Foundation for Electoral
Accessed Date:
17 August 2016
Title:
Union of Myanmar. Election for Amyotha Hluttaw (House of Nationalities) of 8 November 2015.
Source:
International Foundation for Electoral
Accessed Date:
17 August 2016
5.
Gender, Domestic Violence and Children
Title:
Myanmar. Report of the Secretary-General on Children and Armed Conflict.
Code:
A/70/836 – S/2016/360
Source:
United Nations. Security Council.
Date of Document:
20 April 2016
Accessed Date:
25 October 2016
Title:
Concluding observations on the combined fourth and fifth periodic reports of Myanmar
Source:
United Nations. Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women.
Date of Document:
22 July 2016
Accessed Date:
3 October 2016
Title:
Women's Access to Justice in the Plural Legal Systems of Myanmar
Accessed Date:
25 October 2016
Title:
Myanmar. Social Institutions and Gender Index 2014.
Source:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Accessed Date:
9 October 2015
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; armed groups; children; citizenship; conflict; corruption; corruption; corruption; country overview; crime; domestic violence; election; ethnic and national groups; extralegal executions/killings; family law; female genital mutilation; freedom of movement; gender equality; gender-based violence; human rights activists; identity documents; institutional efficacy; internal displacement; international guidance note; judicial efficacy; labour; legal system; legislation; marriage; minorities; nationality; penal system; police efficacy; police/security forces; police/security forces complaints; political activities; political opposition; political organizations; religion; sexual violence; social services; statistics; torture; trafficking in persons
Title:
Country Report: Censored Gender
Date of Document:
30 June 2015
Accessed Date:
9 October 2015
Keywords:
corruption; corruption; corruption; corruption; country overview; crime; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of the press; gender equality; gender-based violence; humanitarian situation; institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; legal system; legislation; minorities; minorities; penal system; political activities; political organizations; state surveillance
Title:
Myanmar: Briefing to the UN Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
4 July 2016
Accessed Date:
17 August 2016
Title:
Behind the Silence: Violence against Women and their Resilience: Myanmar
Source:
Gender Equality Network
Date of Document:
October 2014
Accessed Date:
9 October 2015
Keywords:
children; corruption; country overview; domestic violence; family law; freedom of expression; gender equality; gender-based violence; humanitarian situation; institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; labour; legal system; marriage; penal system; sexual violence; social services; statistics; torture
Title:
Myanmar. State-Sponsored Homophobia. A World Survey of Laws: Criminalisation, Protection and Recognition.
Source:
International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association
Date of Document:
May 2016
Accessed Date:
17 August 2016
Title:
Submission to the UN Universal Periodic Review regarding the protection of the rights of LGBTI persons in the Republic of the Union of Myanmar
Source:
Kaleidoscope Australia Human Rights Foundation
Date of Document:
March 2015
Author:
Matthew McFetridge
Accessed Date:
17 August 2016
7.
Criminality and Corruption
Title:
Burma. International Narcotics Control Strategy Report 2016, Volume I: Drug and Chemical Control.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
March 2016
Accessed Date:
17 August 2016
Title:
Burma (Tier 3). Trafficking in Persons Report 2016.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
June 2016
Accessed Date:
17 August 2016
8.
Military Service - (No items in this section)
9.
Judiciary, Legal and Penal Systems - (No items in this section)
10.
Police and Security Forces - (No items in this section)
Title:
Myanmar. Freedom of the Press 2016.
Accessed Date:
25 October 2016
Title:
10 Most Censored Countries: Myanmar
Source:
Committee to Protect Journalists
Accessed Date:
9 October 2015
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; country overview; ethnic and national groups; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of the press; human rights activists; institutional efficacy; Internet; judicial efficacy; labour; legal system; legislation; nationality; penal system; political activities; political prisoners; religion; state surveillance
Title:
Myanmar. Freedom on the Net 2015.
Accessed Date:
17 August 2016
Keywords:
corruption; ethnic and national groups; freedom of expression; freedom of the press; Internet; legislation; minorities; political activities; political opposition; political organizations; political prisoners; state surveillance
Title:
Burma. International Religious Freedom Report for 2015.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
10 August 2016
Accessed Date:
17 August 2016
Title:
Burma. United States Commission on International Religious Freedom Annual Report 2016.
Source:
United States. Commission on International Religious Freedom.
Date of Document:
2 May 2016
Accessed Date:
17 August 2016
Title:
Situation of human rights of Rohingya Muslims and otherminorities in Myanmar
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council
Date of Document:
20 June 2016
Accessed Date:
25 October 2016
Title:
Burma: Religious Freedom and Related Human Rights Violations are Hindering Broader Reforms: Findings from a Visit of the U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom
Source:
United States. Commission on International Religious Freedom
Date of Document:
November 2014
Accessed Date:
9 October 2015
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; armed groups; children; citizenship; conflict; corruption; country overview; crime; document fraud; election; ethnic and national groups; extralegal executions/killings; extremist/terrorist organizations; family law; femicide; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of movement; freedom of the press; gender equality; gender-based violence; government corruption; honour crimes; human rights activists; identity documents; institutional efficacy; internal displacement; international guidance note; Internet; judicial corruption; judicial efficacy; labour; legal system; legislation; marriage; minorities; nationality; organized crime; penal system
Title:
Myanmar: The Politics of Rakhine State
Source:
International Crisis Group
Date of Document:
22 October 2014
Accessed Date:
13 October 2015
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; armed groups; children; citizenship; conflict; corruption; country overview; crime; document fraud; election; ethnic and national groups; extralegal executions/killings; extremist/terrorist organizations; family law; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of movement; freedom of the press; gender equality; gender-based violence; government corruption; human rights activists; humanitarian situation; identity documents; indigenous groups; institutional efficacy; internal displacement; international guidance note; judicial corruption; judicial efficacy; labour; legal system; marriage; minorities; nationality; penal system; police corruption; police efficacy; police report; police/security forces; police/security forces complaints; political activities; political opposition; political organizations; political prisoners; race; religion; sexual violence; social services; statistics; trafficking in persons
13.
Nationality, Ethnicity and Race
Title:
Burma/Myanmar. State of the World's Minorities and Indigenous Peoples 2016: Events of 2015.
Source:
Minority Rights Group International
Date of Document:
July 2016
Author:
Nicole Girard, Hanna Hindstrom
Accessed Date:
14 October 2016
Title:
V. Counting the Costs. Counting the Costs: Myanmar's Problematic Census. Asia Briefing N° 144.
Source:
International Crisis Group
Date of Document:
15 May 2014
Accessed Date:
28 October 2014
Keywords:
citizenship; conflict; ethnic and national groups; humanitarian situation; internal displacement; minorities; nationality; political activities; race; religion
14.
Exit/Entry and Freedom of Movement - (No items in this section)
15.
Labour, Employment and Unions - (No items in this section)
16.
Other - (No items in this section)
The following changes have been made to the previous package dated 31 October 2016:
Title:
Burma. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2015.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
13 April 2016
URL:
http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/humanrightsreport/index.htm?year=2015&dlid=252751
Accessed Date:
19 April 2016
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; children; citizenship; corruption; disappeared persons; domestic violence; ethnic and national groups; extralegal executions/killings; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of the press; gender equality; institutional efficacy; internal displacement; Internet; labour; legal system; minorities; penal system; police efficacy; police/security forces; political activities; political prisoners; race; religion; sexual minorities; sexual violence; state surveillance; torture; warrants
Disclaimer
National Documentation Packages (NDPs) include country-of-origin information that is publicly accessible at the time of publication and available within time constraints. While the Research Directorate strives to maintain the
NDP with current information, the research is not exhaustive and country conditions can change rapidly. Members of the public are invited to
suggest documents they feel are relevant to the
NDP.
NDPs are not, and do not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim for refugee protection. Rather, they are intended to support the refugee determination process. The assessment and weight to be given to the information in the
NDPs are the responsibility of independent
IRB members (decision-makers) after considering the evidence and arguments presented by the parties.
All sources are fully cited, including a hyperlink, to facilitate the location of the information. The
IRB will attempt to ensure that these links are maintained for the most recent
NDP. It cannot guarantee or be responsible for:
- the functionality of links to external sources,
- the content accessed by these links,
- the availability of external content in both English and French,
- any other part of a third party website.
The information presented in
NDPs solely reflects the views and perspectives of the sources cited and does not necessarily reflect the position of the
IRB or the Government of Canada.